Causes and treatment of yellow watery diarrhea in adults

Overview 

Feeling exhausted due to continuous bathroom trips? Yellow, watery diarrhea can cause severe dehydration and leave you feeling drained and weak. From diseases to diet, yellow diarrhea in adults can indicate various underlying issues such as excess stress, intestinal infection, gallbladder problems, or pancreatic issues. Typically, it lasts for a day or two. However, frequent occurrences indicate an undiagnosed condition. It can be just because of something you ate last night and couldn’t digest or maybe a sign of a serious GI tract issue. Keep reading to explore the possible causes and treatment for yellow watery diarrhea.

What causes yellow watery diarrhea?

Diarrhea often presents with a more fluid consistency. Here are the main factors contributing to loose yellow stools and the recommended treatment approaches for each. Common triggers for yellow diarrhea include:

1. Anxiety or stress

Anxiety or stress is the predominant catalyst for diarrhea. It causes frequent bowel movements that prevent the absorption of nutrients and water in the intestines, resulting in yellow liquid diarrhea in adults. Anxiety attacks can disrupt blood flow, diverting it from the intestinal tract and complicating digestion, leading to an increased fat content in stools, manifesting as a yellow hue. While yellow, watery stool is a common manifestation of anxiety or stress, it typically resolves within one to two days.

Treatment

• Seek therapy: Identify the root cause of stress or anxiety to prevent future occurrences.
• Stress-releasing activities: Adopting healthy coping mechanisms, such as regular exercise, reading, or meditation, can be beneficial.
• Use herbs: Exploring herbal remedies for anxiety, especially those used to create soothing, sedative teas, may also provide relief.

Additionally, persistent or chronic stress can not only induce foul-smelling diarrhea but also contribute to various long-term health issues. In chronic stress, prolonged activation of stress-induced chemicals can adversely affect the digestive tract, heart, skin, and other bodily functions.

2. Irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) frequently contributes to the onset of diarrhea. While the diarrhea may not consistently exhibit a yellow coloration, irritated bowels can disrupt fat absorption in the intestine, resulting in frequent yellow watery stools. Symptoms associated with IBS include:

• Abdominal pain
• Excessive gas
• Alternating episodes of constipation and foul-smelling diarrhea

Treatment

• Identify the triggers: It is essential to identify triggering foods for intestinal flare-ups to alleviate intestinal symptoms and address bright yellow diarrhea linked to IBS.
• Dietary changes: Generally, dark leafy greens, alcohol, and coffee should be avoided. A low FODMAP diet is often recommended for individuals experiencing chronic intestinal symptoms, which helps to reduce the intake of difficult-to-digest carbohydrates.
• Prescription medications: Your provider may prescribe antidiarrheal medications to help manage and treat these symptoms.

3. Gilbert syndrome and reduced bile levels

Gilbert’s syndrome, a genetic liver disorder affecting 3% to 7% of Americans, leads to intermittent increases in bilirubin levels, resulting in a mild yellowish tinge to the skin and bright yellow diarrhea. This condition, typically diagnosed in teens, occurs when bilirubin is not consistently broken down and expelled. Reduced bile levels, crucial for fat metabolism and intestine absorption, can lead to yellow bile diarrhea. Associated symptoms include dark urine, fatigue, weight loss, and a low-grade fever. 

Treatment

Consult a doctor for assessment and testing to determine the underlying cause of low bile levels. Treatment will be prescribed based on diagnosis.

 4. Pancreatic problems

Yellow stool can be caused by pancreatic problems like chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic duct blockages, or cystic fibrosis. These conditions may induce steatorrhea, indicating insufficient pancreatic enzymes for fat digestion. This results in a yellow, greasy appearance, often causing the stool to float or appear frothy.

Pancreatitis can lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Chronic alcohol consumption is a common cause. If untreated or if aggravating factors persist, pancreatitis can progress to chronic pancreatitis, causing permanent damage and hindering enzyme production. In such cases, the body struggles to break down fats and nutrients adequately, leading to bright yellow diarrhea. 

Treatment

If pancreatic abnormalities are suspected, immediate doctor consultation is required. Treatment may involve prescription medications such as analgesics or anti-inflammatories (naproxen, ibuprofen, acetaminophen), along with pancreatic enzyme supplements. Dietary adjustments may also be necessary. In instances of cancer-related pancreatic issues, surgery following chemotherapy and radiotherapy may be recommended.

5. Intestinal infections

Intestinal infections, such as giardiasis and Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection, can result in yellow-colored diarrhea. Giardiasis, caused by the microscopic parasite giardia, is contracted through ingestion of giardia cysts found in contaminated food or water. Symptoms include foul-smelling yellow watery poop, stomach cramps, nausea, headache, low-grade fever, and weight loss. The infection can be chronic but is typically treated with antibiotics. 

C. diff infection, linked to antibiotic use, manifests as yellow liquid stool, stomach cramping, yellowish pus or blood in stool, fever, loss of appetite, nausea, and weight loss. Intestinal infections, often arising from contaminated food or water, induce inflammation in the intestinal lining, disrupting the absorption of water, fat, and nutrients, leading to yellow diarrhea. Additional symptoms may include vomiting, headache, loss of appetite, and fever.

Treatment

• Rest and proper hydration are crucial during an intestinal infection.
• Adopting a light and easily digestible diet can expedite recovery.
• Home remedies may also be considered to manage mild symptoms.

6. Liver disease

Liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatitis, can diminish bile salts, which are crucial for food digestion and nutrient absorption. Gallstones or gallbladder sludge can further limit bile’s reach in the intestines, causing pain and yellow stool.

Liver and gallbladder functions are integral for bile production and storage. If issues arise, such as hepatitis from alcohol, viruses, or infection, biliary cirrhosis, cysts in the bile duct, gallstones, or tumors in the liver, gallbladder, or pancreas, the stool may adopt a pale or yellowish color, occasionally accompanied by diarrhea.

Conditions like cirrhosis, hepatitis, or liver cancer interfere with bile production, leading to reduced fat absorption, lighter and more liquid stools, and bright yellow diarrhea. Additional symptoms may include malaise, abdominal pain, bloating, yellow skin, red rashes, vomiting, and weight loss.

Treatment

Consult a family doctor or liver specialist for a comprehensive assessment. Confirmatory testing may be ordered, and treatment, which varies depending on the specific illness, could involve medications, dietary changes, rest, surgery, or even a liver transplant.

7. Orlistat side effect

Using orlistat, also known as Xenical, a medication designed to inhibit fat absorption in the intestines, can result in yellow liquid stools. This effect is accompanied by fecal urgency, excess gas, and an increase in the total number of bowel movements per day. Orlistat is prescribed for purposes such as weight loss, cholesterol management, and diabetes control.

Treatment

When using Orlistat, it is crucial to strictly adhere to the prescribed usage guidelines provided by your doctor. This medication significantly reduces the absorption of fat and liposoluble vitamins in the gut. Taking orlistat alongside a low-fat diet can help minimize the likelihood of experiencing soft yellow stool.

8. Effect of diet

Certain dietary choices can contribute to or exacerbate diarrhea, especially foods high in carbohydrates, dairy, and high fructose. These items stimulate increased intestinal contractions and may be challenging to digest, leading to diarrhea. Additionally, fatty meats, processed foods, and spicy dishes can worsen diarrhea, resulting in watery stools. Several food intolerances can manifest as bright yellow diarrhea, including:

• Lactose
• Soy
• Cereal grains
• Eggs
• Seafood

Treatment

To address or prevent yellow diarrhea, it is advisable to avoid or significantly reduce the consumption of high-fat foods (such as milk, cheese, and creams), legumes (like beans and chickpeas), and tough or leafy greens (such as broccoli, spinach, and radish). Refer to a comprehensive list of foods to avoid diarrhea for a faster recovery from your family doctor.

9. Celiac disease

Celiac disease, a chronic digestive condition triggered by gluten consumption, necessitates the avoidance of gluten-containing foods to prevent inflammation in the intestines. Individuals with celiac disease may lack the enzyme responsible for breaking down gluten or produce it insufficiently, leading to undigested gluten along the digestive tract. This stimulates the immune system, causing lesions in the intestines, difficulty absorbing fat, and the presence of fat in stools. 

Due to increased fat content and heightened intestinal activity, patients may experience yellow diarrhea (which may also appear pale), constipation, loss of appetite, nausea, bloating, fatigue, headache, skin rash, and loss of bone density. Celiac disease, characterized by the immune system attacking and damaging the small intestine tissues in response to gluten, often runs in families.

Treatment

To manage symptoms, individuals with celiac disease must avoid gluten-containing foods such as bread, pasta, and alcoholic drinks. It is advisable to consult a registered dietitian for a personalized diet plan that prevents nutritional deficiencies. While there is no cure, effective treatment involves eliminating gluten from the diet and managing it in coordination with your healthcare professional.

What does yellow watery diarrhea look like in adults?

People generally experience regular bowel movements, ranging from three times a week to three times a day. When there is a sudden change in stool consistency or color, it’s essential to consider recent dietary changes, new medications, or supplements as potential causes. While diarrhea typically resolves within about four days, persistent yellow diarrhea may indicate an underlying health condition, especially in older adults. If you’re experiencing yellow watery diarrhea before or after eating, several health conditions could contribute to this change, including:

• Diarrhea: Persistent diarrhea beyond the usual duration.
• GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease): A digestive disorder causing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.
• Cholestasis: Impaired bile flow, affecting the digestion and absorption of fats.
• Pancreatic, liver, or gallbladder disease: Disorders affecting these organs may lead to changes in stool color.
• Abdominal tumor: The presence of a tumor in the abdominal region.

If you’re an older adult experiencing yellow stool, seeking medical attention for a thorough evaluation is crucial. Persistent symptoms could indicate an underlying health condition that requires proper diagnosis and management.

What does yellow watery diarrhea in toddlers look like?

The presence of yellow stool or foul-smelling watery diarrhea in toddlers can signify a shorter transit time of food through the intestinal tract. While various colors are common and can indicate different changes in the body, paying attention to specific signs, such as blood or persistent diarrhea, may signal a potential health concern requiring prompt medical attention.

Normal stool patterns in infants

Soft and even liquid stools or yellow watery diarrhea is normal in babies, particularly during the first six months of exclusive breastfeeding. Breast milk, rich in water content, contributes to softer stools. However, consistent diaper leakage may indicate diarrhea and should be evaluated by a pediatrician. The quicker functioning of a baby’s intestines, especially in breastfed infants, can make fat absorption more challenging, resulting in yellow stools.

Concerning stool characteristics

Stools in infants are typically not a cause for concern unless they are excessively frequent or exhibit colors such as pink, red, white, or black. Soft, frequent, and yellowish stools are considered normal in breastfed babies. However, changes in stool frequency or consistency, such as increased watery stools, may suggest the presence of diarrhea. Several reasons could contribute to diarrhea in toddlers, including:

• Change in the toddler’s diet or, if breastfeeding, a change in the mother’s diet.
• Antibiotic use by the mother (if breastfeeding) or the toddler.
• Bacterial or parasitic infections may require medical attention, testing, and appropriate medication.
• Dehydration, particularly in children under three years of age.

Warning Signs

Parents should notify their child’s medical provider if:

• The baby is three months old or younger and experiencing diarrhea.
• There’s a sudden change to pale or white stool, which could indicate cystic fibrosis.

If parents observe concerning changes in their toddler’s stool patterns or color, especially signs of diarrhea, it is essential to consult with the child’s primary medical provider immediately. Detailed information about the toddler’s diet, antibiotic use, and any additional symptoms will aid the healthcare professional in diagnosing and addressing the underlying cause of the diarrhea.

Is yellow liquid diarrhea serious?

Untreated yellow liquid diarrhea can lead to various complications, underscoring the importance of timely medical attention. The repercussions of persistent yellow stool may extend beyond the gastrointestinal realm and impact overall health. Recognizing warning signs and symptoms indicative of a digestive tract problem is crucial for early intervention. Complications of untreated yellow stool are as follows:

• Low red blood counts: Prolonged yellow stool can contribute to low red blood cell counts, potentially leading to anemia.
• Dehydration: Persistent diarrhea may result in dehydration, a condition requiring prompt rehydration to prevent further health issues.
• Poor nutrition: Inadequate absorption of nutrients due to ongoing digestive issues can result in poor nutrition.
• Growth trouble in children: Children may experience growth-related challenges if yellow stool remains untreated.
• Potential to spread cancers or infections: Untreated underlying causes of yellow stool, such as infections or cancers, may progress and pose additional health risks.

Warning signs of digestive tract problems

Several symptoms serve as warning signs of potential digestive tract problems accompanying yellow stool, including:

• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Indigestion and gas
• Severely bad-smelling stool
• Swelling and bloating in the abdomen
• Cramping in the abdomen

Additional complications associated with yellow stools are the following:

• Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes due to liver-related issues.
• Yellow diarrhea with fever and fatigue: Persistent yellow stool may be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever and fatigue.
• Skin itching: Itching of the skin may result from liver dysfunction.
• Bone or Joint pain: Complications involving bones or joints may arise from untreated underlying conditions.

When should I go to the doctor for yellow watery diarrhea?

While yellow watery diarrhea can often be attributed to dietary changes, persistent symptoms or accompanying signs may require immediate medical attention. Consult a doctor right away if you experience any of the following:

• Diarrhea for more than two days: Prolonged diarrhea may indicate an underlying issue that requires investigation.
• Fever of 102°F (38.9°C) or higher: Elevated body temperature may suggest an infection or other health concern.
• Vomiting: Persistent vomiting can contribute to dehydration and requires medical evaluation.
• More than six loose stools in 24 hours: Increased frequency of loose stools may indicate a digestive issue that needs attention.
• Severe abdominal or rectal pain: Intense pain in the abdomen or rectum requires immediate assessment.
• Black tarry stools or pus: Unusual stool color or the presence of pus may indicate a more serious condition.

Additional symptoms to watch out for:

• Passing out
• Lack of awareness
• Confusion or mental changes
• Additional fever
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Difficulty breathing
• Pus-filled stool
• Lack of urine

Your health should be a priority in difficult times. Seek advice and get better soon.

FAQs about yellow watery diarrhea